Violence against Women and Girls: Women’s Films Critique the Menace

Abstract: 

It has been argued that integrating gender equality and women and girl’s empowerment with Ghana’s national development efforts has yielded some remarkable progress. For example, free education has increased the number of girls in primary to senior secondary levels of education, and the number of women engaged in the workforce has also seen growth. Regardless of these gains, complex gender-based violence are ongoing and emerging in the current digital age. Even so, some age-old forms of violence against women and girls such as women being accused of witchcraft, women and girls compelled to live in spiritual servitude, and children being forced into marriages have persisted for centuries in the country. Rather than leave the fight solely on the Ministry of Gender, Children and Social Protection, statutes, women’s movements as well as civil society organisations among others to fight for women’s rights and social injustices; filmmakers, particularly, female filmmakers have attempted through their films to highlight and address some of the persistent systemic socio-cultural practices that reinforce gender discrimination and inequalities. The study draws on African feminist frameworks to critically analyse The Witches of Gambaga (2010) by Yaba Badoe and Like Cotton Twines (2016) by Leila Djansi to unearth the ways the filmmakers contribute to the promotion of dignity, empowerment, and freedom of women and girls in rural Ghana. The films which are documentary and feature respectively focus on the grave injustices that women and girls have continuously endured for centuries primarily as a result of their gender status, age, ethnic practices and beliefs, and traditional systems. They examine cultural practices that impose violence on women and girls; the prime causes that continually undergird the menace; the dreadful effects the practices have on victims and survivors; how women and girls perceive their predicament and rights in such circumstances; and the strategies to transform gender inequality. The study argues that the films speak to the growing concerns to promote shared social responsibility to eliminate such practices to restore rights and dignity of women and girls for all-inclusive social development.