Does Food Affect Attitudes Towards the Country? A Study on the Impact of Food-related Short Videos on Chinese Attitudes of Overseas Audiences

Abstract: 

Previous studies on the effect of short videos on national image mainly focused on national promotional films, such as the discourse analysis of overseas media on China “National Image” promotional film (Liu 2011) and the examining of the effect of short videos on social media (Dong and Tian 2015) to evaluate national image. In recent years, the research on the influence of cultural short videos on national image has attracted global attention. Advertisements were found to be more persuasive if they reflect traditional culture (Chan and Cheng, 2002). In a later study (Golan and Zaidner, 2008), they used Taylor's six-segment message strategy wheel as the theoretical framework to study the positive implications of cultural value during the information transmission. From the aspect of communication strategy, the property of Chinese Yi culture has a significant impact on the virality of food-related short videos (Zhou 2019). Food is the main focus in the study’s analysis of short videos, as food reflects the characteristics, values, religion and social history of a culture (Vidal Claramonte, MªCarmen África 2017). Nowadays, food-related short videos have become one of the most popular types of cultural short videos on YouTube. With reference from prior research, this study utilizes UGC short videos as the research platform, cultural food-related short videos as the research content, and viewer's attitude change as the research core, to explore whether food-related short videos have an impact on the attitudes of overseas audiences. In this study, the authors discuss whether food-related short videos will change the attitudes of overseas viewers and improve the favorable impression of the country. We used the Stimulus-Organism-Response (SOR) Model (Mehrabian & Russel, 1974) as the fundamental concepts approach, defining food-related short videos as the stimulus, the participants as the organism, and the attitude change of the participants as the response. Based on the literature by Kagan (1980), we define the attitude change of overseas video viewers as the dependent variable. The independent variables are determined from the video characteristics and food imagery content. We choose colorfulness (Hasler and Süsstrunk 2003), arousing and relaxing colors (Elliot & Maier 2014), back-ground music (Tsuyoshi Moriyama and Masao Sakauchi 2002),length (Steffen Lo¨w1 • Holger Erne2 2015);tastiness, fillingness, healthiness (Carels, Konrad, & Harper, 2007; Oakes, 2006; Raghunathan, Naylor, & Hoyer, 2006; Schuldt, 2013),food safety (Godette, Beratan, & Nowell, 2015), and aesthetic appeal (Schifanella et al. 2015). The research utilizes the Likert Scale to measure the attitude change of the participants when they see the videos and the degree of change. The objective is to explore whether food-related short videos can change the attitudes of overseas viewers toward the country and to examine which variables influence attitudes and the relationship between attitude change and the variables. As a result, the study is aimed to find the impact of the user-generated content on the public attitudes towards nations and to provide a strategy to increase the influence of short videos on the building of national image.